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Damage of geogrid reinforced soil wall caused by extreme load – Japanese case histories

Technical committee of IGS Japan chapter collected many case histories on collapsed or deformed geogrid reinforced soil walls. The range of wall height is from 4.0 m to 11.0 m, the maximum embankment height reaches about 20 m, and the range of slope inclination is from 1:0.1 to 1:0.5. Their backfills are mainly sandy soils. The observed failure modes and deformation mechanism were identified and the counter measures were studied. This paper reports the collected case histories and summarizes lesson learned from them. This achievement may contribute for not only developing of design method to decrease the failure and the deformation but also lifecycle management of reinforced soil structures.