This paper presented the experiment and study on the thermal conductivity of light composite soil mixed with EPS particles (LCSEP) through the application of ISOMET heat character analyzer. The influence of the factors including density, water content and EPS particles dosage on the thermal conductivity of light composite soil mixed with EPS particles under frozen and unfrozen conditions were discussed. The experimental results indicated that the increase of the contents of EPS particles, cement and mineral admixtures resulted in the decrease of thermal conductivity. The mentioned results contributed to heat insulation and preservation, which could lead to the reduction of depth of frost penetration. The decrease of density and water content could resulted in the decline of thermal conductivity. Under frozen condition, thermal conductivity would decrease.