Groundwater is a valuable resource that we have to protect from all sorts of pollution. In connection to transportation (roads, railways and airports) there is always a risk that contaminants will be released and transported down to the groundwater table. The way to stop that is to use engineered barriers, “impermeable” materials in the ground. Such materials can be natural soils, :synthetic materials or a combination of both. This paper describes the first large-scale application of a geosynthetic clay liner constituting a primary containment system for highway runoff water.