With respect to the rapid and permanent drainage above a landfill base seal very coarse-grained materials are used today for the drainage layer. The mechanical protection of the geomembrane against impermissible loads, such as perforations and deformations of the surface resulting from punctate pressure loads, can especially be provided by specifically developed geotextile protection layers. This paper gives a summary of the experience gained in several years of examina-. tions. Furtheron, indications _for the selection of the protection system at different loads, which have to be expected in a landfill, are supplied. In Germany at least, new protection systems will probably be preferred when extreme landfill heights are expected. These new protection systems are also described in this paper.
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