The Romanian railway network will be improved in order to ensure a higher velocity limit, up to 160km/h. The paper deals with the importance of the monitoring and testing activity regarding the short and long time behavior of the geosynthetic materials used for the railway subbase reinforcement. The main types of tests on geosynthetic materials are being presented and an important case study is analyzed. Also a case study regarding the geogrid effect within the reinforced subbase of the railway network during modernization works is presented along with conclusions for the design activity.